Serving their Vietnamese patrons turned the Zhengs and other pirates from ragtag gangs aboard single vessels into professional privateer fleets with dozens of ships able to hold their own at sea.

为他们的越南主顾服务使郑家和其他海盗从单船上的乌合之众变成了专业的私掠船队，拥有数十艘船，能够在海上保持自己的地位。