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词汇 Kinetic momentum
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Kinetic momentum

中文百科

动量 Momentum

(重定向自Kinetic momentum)
除去因摩擦与传热因素所造成的微小损失,在撞球运动里,可以很明显的观察到,所有圆球都遵循动量守恒定律。当圆球A击中圆球B时,假若圆球A因此停住,则它的原本动量都会传给圆球B;假若圆球A仍旧移动,则它的原本动量只有一部分会传给圆球B,剩余的动量存留在圆球A。

在古典力学里,动量(momentum)是物体的质量和速度的乘积。例如,一辆快速移动的重型卡车拥有很大的动量。若要使这重型卡车从零速度加速到移动速度,需要使到很大的作用力;若要使重型卡车从移动速度减速到零速度也需要使到很大的作用力。假若卡车能够轻一点或移动速度能够慢一点,则它的动量也会小一点。

动量在国际单位制中的单位为kg·m/s。有关动量的更精确的量度的内容,请参见本页的动量的现代定义部分。

一般而言,一个物体的动量指的是这个物体在它运动方向上保持运动的趋势。动量实际上是牛顿第一定律的一个推论。

动量是个矢量。

英语百科

Momentum 动量

(重定向自Kinetic momentum)
A Newton's cradle demonstrates conservation of momentum.
Newton's apple in Einstein's elevator. In person A's frame of reference, the apple has non-zero velocity and momentum. In the elevator's and person B's frames of reference, it has zero velocity and momentum.
Two-dimensional elastic collision. There is no motion perpendicular to the image, so only two components are needed to represent the velocities and momenta. The two blue vectors represent velocities after the collision and add vectorially to get the initial (red) velocity.

In classical mechanics, linear momentum or translational momentum (pl. momenta; SI unit kg m/s, or equivalently, newton second) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object. For example, a heavy truck moving rapidly has a large momentum—it takes a large or prolonged force to get the truck up to this speed, and it takes a large or prolonged force to bring it to a stop afterwards. If the truck were lighter, or moving more slowly, then it would have less momentum.

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