阿米巴痢疾是痢疾的一种，因溶组织内阿米巴变形虫的原虫感染结肠引起。

阿米巴痢疾主要是通过粪便污染所传染。多见于热带地区卫生较差的农村，夏秋季发病率较多，其中以成年男性患者较多。患者病后没有免疫能力，故易出现重复感染。严重患者会出现如肠出血、肠穿孔、腹膜炎。

阿米巴痢疾部份病人会出现无症状。一般起病较慢，没有发热，腹泻粪便恶臭伴腹胀气，右下腹腹痛。体弱及营养不良病者有机会出现暴发症状:起病急、高热、剧烈腹痛、水样便。

Amoebic dysentery (or amebic dysentery) is a type of bloody diarrhea caused primarily by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. Amoebic dysentery is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Amoebae spread by forming infective cysts which can be found in stools, and spread if whoever touches them does not sanitize their hands. There are also free amoebae, or trophozoites, that do not form cysts, however trophozoites do not survive long outside the human gastrointestinal tract, and are a purely diagnostic observation. Trophozoites are the agent responsible for symptoms.