法人（英语：legal person）是指法律上具有人格的组织，它们就像自然人一样享有法律上的权利与义务，可以发起或接受诉讼。法人能够以政府、法定机构、公司、法团等形式出现，但不可以个人（自然人）的形式出现，即法人必须是组织。具有民事权利能力和民事行为能力，依法独立享有民事权利和承担民事义务。就像自然人一样，可以承担刑事责任，不过跟自然人不同之处就是自由刑对法人而言并不适用，法人所接受的刑罚一般以罚款为限。

To have legal personality means to be capable of holding legal rights and obligations within a certain legal system, such as entering into contracts, suing, and being sued. Legal personality is a prerequisite to legal capacity, the ability of any legal person to amend (enter into, transfer, etc.) rights and obligations. In international law, consequently, legal personality is a prerequisite for an international organization to be able to sign international treaties in its own name.