Perichoresis
![Circuminsession, the mutual love relationship of the communio personarum of the Holy Trinity, as imagined in the granite grave marker of 20th-century Swiss physician and mystic Adrienne von Speyr](/Images/godic/202502/02/Circuminsession_Adrienne_von_Speyr_gravestone_autobiography_bookcover_art1901.jpg")
![Gothic triskele window element](/Images/godic/202502/02/Triskel_type_Tonkedeg..svg1901.png")
![A trinitarian action of grace is implied in sacred art of the type Anna selbdritt: creator Father, redeemer Son, reflexive procession of the Holy Spirit, with the divine Christ-child pointing back at his human mother and grandmother.](/Images/godic/202502/02/Ignoto_del_XV_secolo_Santa_Anna_Metterza_Boccioleto_Alpe_Seccio1901.jpg")
![The sacramental economy of grace indwelling in Mother Church is implied in sacred art of the type Holy Trinity: creator Father, reflexive procession of the Holy Spirit through the sacrificial kenosis on the Cross, celebrated on the Altar](/Images/godic/202502/02/Holy_Trinity_sculpture_at_National_Gallery1901.jpg")
Perichoresis (from Greek:περιχώρησις perikhōrēsis, "rotation") describes the relationship between each person of the triune God (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit). The word circumincession (later circuminsession) is also used to mean the same idea. The term, as used in Christian theology, was first used by the Church Fathers. It is now reinvigorated among contemporary figures such as Jürgen Moltmann, Miroslav Volf, John Zizioulas and C. Baxter Kruger, and others. The noun first appears in the writings of Maximus Confessor (d. 662) but the related verb perichoreo is found earlier in Gregory of Nazianzus (d. 389/90). Gregory used it to describe the relationship between the divine and human natures of Christ as did John of Damascus (d. 749) but he also extended it to the "interpenetration" of the three persons of the Trinity and it became a technical term for the latter.