在数学里，局部分析至少有两种意思，这两种意思都导源于先看和每一个质数p有关部份的问题，再试着将由每个质数所得到的数据集成成一「整体」图像的概念。

在群论里，局部分析开始于西洛定理，它包含了有限群G有关每一个可整除G的目的质数p之结构。此领域之研究在有限简单群分类的探索中有着大量的进展，其开始于叙述奇数目的群都是可解的范特-汤普逊定理。

In mathematics, the term local analysis has at least two meanings - both derived from the idea of looking at a problem relative to each prime number p first, and then later trying to integrate the information gained at each prime into a 'global' picture. These are forms of the localization approach.