However, in a biofilm, the extracellular matrix shields microbes from external threats.

但是，如果生活在生物膜中，细胞外基质能够为微生物提供保护。

In the extracellular state, the virus is called a virion and isn't capable of reproducing.

在细胞外，病毒被称为病毒粒子，不能复制。

They move water out of their cells so that it freezes in the extracellular space.

它们将水移出细胞，这样水就在细胞外空间冻结了。

This osmotic gradient pulls water out of cells and into the extracellular space.

渗透压梯度使水流出细胞进入细胞外间隙。

Then, they start producing an extracellular matrix that holds them together as they divide and reproduce.

其后，细胞开始制造细胞外基质，细胞分裂、繁殖时细胞外基质能够保持细胞的完整。

It acts as a coupling factor for an enzyme that synthesizes a component of extracellular matrix, collagen.

它作为一种酶的偶联因子，合成细胞外基质的一种成分-胶原蛋白。

The jello that gives this confection its structure is like that extracellular matrix in your connective tissue.

这种果冻的结构就像你结缔组织中的细胞外基质。

As you get older, the production of these extracellular matrix molecules naturally starts to slow down.

随着你年龄的增长，这些细胞外基质分子的再生减缓。

Another important mechanism is hyperosmolarity, which is where there is an increased extracellular osmolarity, relative to the intracellular space.

另一个重要机制是高渗透压，即相对于细胞内，细胞外渗透压增高。

These substances caused capillaries to become leaky, so fluid leaks out, causing extracellular edema that further increases intra-compartment pressure.

这些物质会使毛细血管通透性增高，体液外渗引起细胞外水肿，进一步加重了腔室内压力。