阿霉素（Doxorubicin，又称hydroxyldaunorubicin、多柔比星，商品名称是Adriamycin），是一种作用于DNA的药物，广泛使用于化学治疗。属于蒽环类（anthracycline）抗生素，结构与道诺霉素 (daunorubicin)相似，且与之同样能够对DNA发生嵌入作用。可用来治疗多种癌症。

此药物的给药方式为注射，市场上贩卖所使用的商品名称包括Adriamycin PFS、Adriamycin RDF或Rubex。

另有一种脂质体包覆的药剂，称为Doxil，生产者为强生公司，可减少心脏毒性（cardiotoxicity）。

Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a medication used in cancer chemotherapy. It is derived by chemical semisynthesis from a bacterial species. It is an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic (note: in this context, this does not mean it is used to treat bacterial infections) closely related to the natural product daunomycin and like all anthracyclines, it works by intercalating DNA, with the most serious adverse effect being life-threatening heart damage. It is commonly used in the treatment of a wide range of cancers, including hematological malignancies (blood cancers, like leukaemia and lymphoma), many types of carcinoma (solid tumours) and soft tissue sarcomas. It is often used in combination chemotherapy as a component of various chemotherapy regimens.