These were much smaller, faster and more reliable than vacuum tubes, but each transistor was still one discrete component.

它们比真空管更小、更快、更可靠，但每个晶体管仍然是一个分立元件。

From roughly the 1940’s through the mid-1960s, every computer was built from individual parts, called discrete components, which were all wired together.

大约从 1940 年代到 60 年代中期，每台计算机都是由单独的部件构成的，这些部件被称为分立组件，它们全部连接在一起。

People marveled at the level of integration, an entire CPU in one chip, which just two decades earlier would have filled an entire room using discrete components.

人们对集成度惊叹不已，整个 CPU 集成在一个芯片中，而仅仅在二十年前，使用分立元件就可以填满整个房间。

By using PCBs and ICs together, one could achieve exactly the same functional circuit as that made from discrete components, but with far fewer individual components and tangled wires.

通过将 PCB 和 IC 一起使用，可以实现与分立元件完全相同的功能电路，但单个元件和缠绕的电线要少得多。

Put simply: instead of building computer parts out of many discrete components and wiring them all together, you put many components together, inside of a new, single component.

简而言之：不是用许多分立的组件构建计算机部件并将它们连接在一起，而是将许多组件放在一个新的单个组件中。