椎间滑脱，是一类骨科病。「脊椎前移」为其中一种，表现为一节腰椎在相邻腰椎体或骶骨的上方向前滑移。该症常伴有椎弓融合不全，自上方传到椎弓的压力能促进滑移。患儿不知不觉地发生腰椎前凸畸形，以后则出现轻度或严重腰痛。

Spondylolisthesis is the forward displacement of a vertebra, especially the fifth lumbar vertebra, most commonly occurring after a fracture. Backward displacement is referred to as retrolisthesis.

The variant "olisthesis," resulting from division of this compound word, is sometimes applied in conjunction with scoliosis. These "slips" occur most commonly in the lumbar spine. Spondylolysis (a defect or fracture of the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch) is the most common cause of spondylolisthesis, which should not be confused with a spinal disc herniation (often misleadingly referred to as a "slipped disc"), in which one of the spinal discs in between the vertebrae has ruptured.