Generally speaking, both employers and employees opposed compulsory adjustments without offering any substitute in case voluntary arbitration should not be accepted by both parties to a dispute.

一般而言，在争议双方不接受自愿仲裁的情况下，劳资双方均反对强制调整，且不提供任何替代方案。

President Cleveland,in a message of April 2,1886, proposed such a method for disposing of industrial controversies,and two years later Congress enacted a voluntary arbitration law applicable to the railways.

克利夫兰总统在 1886 年 4 月 2 日的电文中提出了这种处理工业纠纷的方法，两年后国会颁布了适用于铁路的自愿仲裁法。