多环芳香烃（Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，简称PAH或PAHs）又称多环性芳香化合物或多环芳香族碳氢化合物，其化学结构式超过100多种。是芳香族碳氢化合物的一种特例。由不包含杂环或取代基的芳香环所组成。其中有很多是已知或潜在的致癌物质。主要是由含碳燃料例如木柴、木碳、油脂和烟草的不完全燃烧所产生。也存在于烤焦的肉类中。

三环以上的多环性芳香化合物在水中具有低溶解度和低蒸汽压，当分子量上升，溶解度和蒸汽压皆下降。而二环的多环性芳香化合物则具有较低的溶解度和蒸汽压。因此多环性芳香化合物在环境中较常发现于土壤与沉淀物中而非水及空气中。然而，多环性芳香化合物常在空气中的悬浮微粒上发现。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized). Formally, the class is further defined as lacking further branching substituents off of these ring structures. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs) are a subset of PAHs that have fused aromatic rings, that is, rings that share one or more sides. The simplest such chemicals are naphthalene, having two aromatic rings, and the three-ring compounds anthracene and phenanthrene.