Underneath the capsule, there's an outer membrane, which consist of lipopolysaccharides, or LPS.

荚膜的下面是一层外膜，主要成分是脂多糖（LPS）。

These include toxins and some immunogenic molecules such as lipopolysaccharide, or LPS, that triggers an immune response, causing inflammation.

这包括致病毒素、某些免疫活性分子，比如脂多糖（LPS）；LPS能引起机体免疫反应，从而导致炎症。

Now, LPS has the ability to avoid complement-mediated killing by inhibiting the formation of the membrane attack complex and preventing membrane damage and bacterial cell death.

LPS可以通过抑制膜攻击复合物（MAC）的形成，逃避补体介导的杀伤作用，防止细胞膜损伤和细菌死亡。

It has a bunch of virulence factors such as capsule, LPS, pili, and a siderophore, which helps the bacteria to attack and destroy the host cells and evade the immune system.

它具有多种毒力因子，如荚膜、脂多糖、菌毛以及铁载体；铁载体帮助细菌攻击宿主，破坏机体细胞，并逃避人体免疫。