Empty category

This example shows that PRO moves to the specifier position of TP in the non finite clause so that the position holds a caseless DP.

In this sentence, the PP 'where' moves to the specifier of the CP position to satisfy the case checking of the [+Q, +WH] features.

A null symbol is in the head position of DP because the pronoun “He” cannot have a determiner adjacent to it.

In this example, the null sign signifies the complementizer (that) can be omitted and the sentence is still grammatical.

In linguistics, in the study of syntax, an empty category is a nominal element that does not have any phonological content and is therefore unpronounced. Empty categories may also be referred to as covert nouns, in contrast to overt nouns which are pronounced. The phenomenon was named by Noam Chomsky in his 1981 LGB framework. Some empty categories are governed by the empty category principle. When representing empty categories in trees, linguists use a null symbol to depict the idea that there is a mental category at the level being represented, even if the word(s) are being left out of overt speech. There are four main types of empty categories: NP-trace, Wh-trace, PRO, and pro. The types are differentiated by their two binding features: the anaphoric feature [a] and the pronominal feature [p]. The four possible combinations of plus or minus values for these features yield the four types of empty categories. Empty categories are present in most of the world's languages, although different languages allow for different categories to be empty.

词汇	Empty category
分类	英语词汇英语翻译词典
释义	Empty category 英语例句库 The constraints concerned here are two UG principles — Subjacency and Empty Category Principle (ECP). 这限制条件指的是承接原则和空范畴原则。英语百科 Empty category In linguistics, in the study of syntax, an empty category is a nominal element that does not have any phonological content and is therefore unpronounced. Empty categories may also be referred to as covert nouns, in contrast to overt nouns which are pronounced. The phenomenon was named by Noam Chomsky in his 1981 LGB framework. Some empty categories are governed by the empty category principle. When representing empty categories in trees, linguists use a null symbol to depict the idea that there is a mental category at the level being represented, even if the word(s) are being left out of overt speech. There are four main types of empty categories: NP-trace, Wh-trace, PRO, and pro. The types are differentiated by their two binding features: the anaphoric feature [a] and the pronominal feature [p]. The four possible combinations of plus or minus values for these features yield the four types of empty categories. Empty categories are present in most of the world's languages, although different languages allow for different categories to be empty.
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