拔牙术，在牙医学中指从口腔中去除牙齿的手术。

• 龋齿发展到晚期，所剩健康牙组织不够其他修复手段的牙齿。
• 萌发不良，或者有其他问题的智齿。
• 外伤折断而且无法修复的牙齿。
• 牙周疾病导致不能被修复保存（例如极度松动）的牙齿。
• 牙齿矫正的过程中，用拔来整治部分牙齿过于拥挤的情况。
• 逾期不脱落，影响恒牙萌生的乳牙。
• 被怀疑导致其他严重疾病，如感染性心内膜炎的病灶牙齿。
• 美容，更换更加整齐洁白的牙齿。

A dental extraction (also referred to as tooth extraction, exodontia, exodontics, or informally, tooth pulling) is the removal of teeth from the dental alveolus (socket) in the alveolar bone. Extractions are performed for a wide variety of reasons, but most commonly to remove teeth which have become unrestorable through tooth decay, periodontal disease or dental trauma, especially when they are associated with toothache. Sometimes wisdom teeth are impacted (stuck and unable to grow normally into the mouth) and may cause recurrent infections of the gum (pericoronitis). In orthodontics if the teeth are crowded, sound teeth may be extracted (often bicuspids) to create space so the rest of the teeth can be straightened.