《精神药物公约》是一项控制苯丙胺、LSD等精神药物的联合国公约，1971年2月21日于维也纳签署通过。1961年制定的《麻醉品单一公约》无法禁止新出现的精神类药物，它所禁止的只有有限的古柯、大麻及阿片衍生物。

该公约界定了精神药物的范围，规定了精神药物的管制措施，并规定了对违反公约的处罚方法。

The Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 is a United Nations treaty designed to control psychoactive drugs such as amphetamine-type stimulants, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and psychedelics signed in Vienna, Austria on 21 February 1971. The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 could not ban the many newly discovered psychotropics, since its scope was limited to drugs with cannabis, coca, and opium-like effects.