胎生贝湖鱼科，又称毛杜父鱼科，是辐鳍鱼纲鲉形目杜父鱼亚目的一个科。

本科鱼类仅分布于俄罗斯贝加尔湖中。

Comephorus, known as the golomyankas or Baikal oilfish, are a genus comprising two species of peculiar, sculpin-like fishes endemic to Lake Baikal in Russia. Comephorus is the only genus in the family Comephoridae. Golomyankas are pelagic fishes which make the main food source of the Baikal seal.