Behavior modification
（重定向自Behaviour Modification）
Behavior modification is based on methodological behaviorism, which refers to limiting behavior-change procedures to behaviors that are observable—in particular, superimposing consequences, such as increasing or decreasing the frequency of behaviors and altering an individual's behaviors through positive and negative reinforcement to increase desirable behavior and/or the reduction of behavior through extinction and punishment. In contrast to operant conditioning, behavior modification never used stimulus control; it also lacked the conceptual piece (radical behaviorism) initially purposed by B. F. Skinner in his research prior to the 1960s. Subsequently, applied behavior analysis (ABA) has superseded behavior modification.