档案学是以档案和档案工作为研究对象的一门社会科学。

传统的文件保存受制于气候环境的影响，顺势数字化和数据库的发展之下，将传统文件做数字化保存，以避免文件的遗失、缺漏，延长文件的保存寿命。文件学应用于学术界，如：图书馆学、历史学与博物馆学……等，这些学科研究是带动发展文件学的进步空间，也是解决了文件保存和编目的关键推手。

Archival science, or archival studies, is the study and theory of building and curating archives, which are collections of recordings and data storage devices.

To build and curate an archive, one must acquire and evaluate recorded materials, and be able to access them later. To this end, archival science seeks to improve methods for appraising, storing, preserving, and cataloging recorded materials.