奇虾（学名：Anomalocaris，中译：「古怪的虾」）是一种于中国、美国、加拿大、波兰及澳洲的寒武纪沉积岩均有发现的古生物，属于奇虾科的奇虾属，是节肢动物门近亲，英国古生物学家Joseph Frederick Whiteaves首次发现奇虾化石，查尔斯·都利特·沃尔科特（Charles Doolittle Walcott）则在伯吉斯页岩考察到更多牠们的化石。亨利·威廷顿（Harry B. Whittington）与德瑞·布瑞斯（Derek Briggs）于1985年的《科学》中将许多奇虾的化石片段误认为不同的物种。

Anomalocaris ("abnormal shrimp") is an extinct genus of anomalocaridid, a family of animals thought to be closely related to ancestral arthropods. The first fossils of Anomalocaris were discovered in the Ogygopsis Shale by Joseph Frederick Whiteaves, with more examples found by Charles Doolittle Walcott in the famed Burgess Shale. Originally several fossilized parts discovered separately (the mouth, feeding appendages and tail) were thought to be three separate creatures, a misapprehension corrected by Harry B. Whittington and Derek Briggs in a 1985 journal article.