A " sultan" (sultan) is a Muslim ruler, or at least that was the name of the ruler of the empire, the Turkish or Ottoman Empire.

“苏丹” （sultan）是穆斯林统治者，或者至少是土耳其或奥斯曼帝国统治者的名字。

The Byzantines had carried on Roman traditions for centuries but by 1000AD they were losing territory rapidly to the rising Ottoman Turkish Empire, but that was not their only problem.

拜占庭帝国继承了罗马的传统直到1000年它的领土被奥斯曼帝国迅速侵占，但这不是他们唯一的麻烦。