本条目使用代数记谱法来描述国际象棋棋子的走法。

苏格兰开局是国际象棋的一种开局方式，走法为：

1. e4
2. e5
3. Nf3
4. Nc6
5. d4

白方意图用d兵交换黑方的e兵以控制中心。黑方因为没有好手段支持e5兵，所以通常应对3...exd4，进行交换。若黑方选择3...d6，则白方4.dxe5 dxe5 5.Qxd8+ Kxd8+ 6.Bc4 白方占优。在黑方选择3...exd4之后，白方可以应对主线走法4.Nxd4，或弈出弃兵，以弃一兵或两兵的代价换取较快的出子。

The Scotch Game, or Scotch Opening, is a chess opening that begins with the moves:

Ercole del Rio, in his 1750 treatise Sopra il giuoco degli Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese ("On the game of Chess, practical Observations by an anonymous Modenese Author"), was the first author to mention what is now called the Scotch Game. The opening received its name from a correspondence match in 1824 between Edinburgh and London. Popular in the 19th century, by 1900 the Scotch had lost favour among top players because it was thought to release the central tension too early and allow Black to equalise without difficulty. More recently, grandmasters Garry Kasparov and Jan Timman helped to re-popularize the Scotch when they used it as a surprise weapon to avoid the well-analysed Ruy Lopez.