在编译器最佳化的领域里，暂存器配置（Register Allocation）的用途，在于使一个在较少寄存器数量的CPU可使用较大数量的变量，暂存器配置可使用在一个基本区段（Basic block）（区域暂存器配置）、函数或进程（全域暂存器配置）、或是透过Call Graph进行跨函式边域分析（跨进程暂存器配置），当完成每个函式或是进程，惯例上会要求每个调用函式的位置（Call site）必须插入保存或是还原。

In compiler optimization, register allocation is the process of assigning a large number of target program variables onto a small number of CPU registers. Register allocation can happen over a basic block (local register allocation), over a whole function/procedure (global register allocation), or across function boundaries traversed via call-graph (interprocedural register allocation). When done per function/procedure the calling convention may require insertion of save/restore around each call-site.