Louis Kugelmann
（重定向自Kugelmann）
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Louis Kugelmann, or Ludwig Kugelmann (February 19, 1828 in Lemförde – January 9, 1902 in Hannover) was a German gynecologist, social democratic thinker and activist, and confidant of Marx and Engels. Kugelmann married Gertrud Oppenheim (born 27 January 1839 in Bonn; died 1920 in Wiesbaden). They had a daughter Franziska Kugelmann (9 October 1858 in Hannover – 31 August 1939 in Wiesbaden)