日本语能力测试（英语：Japanese Language Proficiency Test，简称JLPT）是以母语非日语者为主要对象的日语能力考试。目前考试设有N1至N5级、共5个级别，当中以N1级难度最高。该考试自1984年起每年一度在世界各地举办，是现时最具认受性的日语能力考试。在日本国内，本考试由日本国际教育支持协会举办；国外则由日本国际交流基金举办。目前考试均于每年7月及12月首个星期日各举办一次。

考试试卷由日本发往全球各国考点，每年7月及12月考完后全部统一送回日本阅卷。9月及3月左右再将成绩发回各地考点。全球考卷统一，取得的合格证书全球通用。

The Japanese-Language Proficiency Test(日本语能力试験,Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken), or JLPT, is a standardized criterion-referenced test to evaluate and certify Japanese language proficiency for non-native speakers, covering language knowledge, reading ability, and listening ability. The test is held twice a year in Japan and selected countries (on the first Sunday of July and December), and once a year in other regions (on the first Sunday of December).