在代数图论中，色多项式是乔治·戴维·伯克霍夫为了尝试证明四色定理而定义的一种多项式。

色多项式的值是在图中顶点的不同着色方法数目，是关于不同颜色数目的函数。

例如当图为一点时，。

完全图
有n个顶点的树
环图
佩特森图

The chromatic polynomial is a polynomial studied in algebraic graph theory, a branch of mathematics. It counts the number of graph colorings as a function of the number of colors and was originally defined by George David Birkhoff to attack the four color problem. It was generalised to the Tutte polynomial by H. Whitney and W. T. Tutte, linking it to the Potts model of statistical physics.