山莨菪（学名：Anisodus tanguticus）为茄科山莨菪属的植物，高约1米，根粗壮，叶子较厚，有一定弹性，单叶互生，卵形或长椭圆形至椭圆状披针形，蒴果近球状，种子圆肾形。是中国的特有植物。分布在中国大陆的甘肃、**、云南、青海 (青藏高原)等地，生长于海拔2,800米至4,200米的地区，一般生长在山坡及草坡阳处，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。对山莨菪进行采集主要因其药用功效，其植物生物活性的尼古丁和东莨菪碱烷类生物碱。作为中国传统医学中使用的50种传统草药之一，它在中国有显著影响。秋、冬采集，洗净去外皮，切片晒干备用。以根入药。

Anisodus tanguticus is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae which includes many important agricultural plants. It is mostly found growing in the Qinghai-*****an Plateau. A. tanguticus is collected and used mostly for its medicinal effects thought to be derived from the plants biologically active nicotine and tropane alkaloids. It has a significant impact in China as one of the 50 traditional herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.