The first question is a tortuous path from geology up to RNA or something like that -- how did that all work?

第一个是从地质学发展到RNA 其间曲折的道路或者类似的 那是怎么发展的？

Like railways, an author rhapsodised, indexes have " cleared the way; they have levelled mountains and straightened the most tortuous paths… What a timesaver! … this is electricity! "

一位作家热情地写道，索引就像铁路一样“扫清了道路；它们夷平了高山，拉直了最曲折的小路… … 真省时！… … 令人激动！“。

At this point the coast-line is entirely of chalk cliffs, which can only be descended by a single, long, tortuous path, which is steep and slippery.

此时的海岸线完全是白垩悬崖， 只能通过一条又长又曲折的小路下山， 这条小路又陡又滑。