A friendship with Bertrand Russell, a British philosopher, led to the founding of the Pugwash conferences on nuclear disarmament.

他与好友伯兰特 罗素（英国哲学家）一道开辟了帕格沃什会议核裁军的道路。

Over the years the Pugwash conferences evolved into a crucial source of backdoor communications between the superpowers, penetrating the fog of mistrust that characterised the cold war.

会议也多年来演变成超级大国私下互访的重要来源，冲破了由冷战披上的国家之间互不信任的迷雾。