Flash memory
![A USB flash drive. The chip on the left is the flash memory. The controller is on the right.](/Images/godic/202501/30/USB_flash_drive5023.JPG")
![A flash memory cell.](/Images/godic/202501/30/Flash_cell_structure.svg5023.png")
![NOR flash memory wiring and structure on silicon](/Images/godic/202501/30/NOR_flash_layout.svg5023.png")
![Programming a NOR memory cell (setting it to logical 0), via hot-electron injection.](/Images/godic/202501/30/Flash-Programming.svg5023.png")
Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state) non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
Toshiba developed flash memory from EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) in the early 1980s and introduced it to the market in 1984. The two main types of flash memory are named after the NAND and NOR logic gates. The individual flash memory cells exhibit internal characteristics similar to those of the corresponding gates.