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词汇 Madelung constant
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Madelung constant

中文百科

马德隆常数

NaCl的结构
The Madelung constant being calculated for the NaCl ion labeled 0 in the expanding spheres method. Each number designates the order in which it is summed. Note that in this case, the sum is divergent, but there are methods for summing it which give a converging series.
This graph demonstrates the non-convergence of the expanding spheres method for calculating the Madelung constant for NaCl as compared to the expanding cubes method, which is convergent.

在一个晶体内，其中一个离子的总电势能，可表示为它与距离最近的另一个离子的电势能的M倍，E = M E_0，其中E_0为两个离子的系统的电势能，E_0 = -\frac{z^2 e^2}{4 \pi \epsilon_o r_0}。M称为马德隆常数（Madelung constant），其值与晶体结构有关。

在固体离子化合物内，正离子和负离子互相吸引，将离子分开需要能量。

英语百科

Madelung constant 马德隆常数

The Madelung constant being calculated for the NaCl ion labeled 0 in the expanding spheres method. Each number designates the order in which it is summed. Note that in this case, the sum is divergent, but there are methods for summing it which give a converging series.
This graph demonstrates the non-convergence of the expanding spheres method for calculating the Madelung constant for NaCl as compared to the expanding cubes method, which is convergent.
NaCl的结构

The Madelung constant is used in determining the electrostatic potential of a single ion in a crystal by approximating the ions by point charges. It is named after Erwin Madelung, a German physicist.

Because the anions and cations in an ionic solid are attracting each other by virtue of their opposing charges, separating the ions requires a certain amount of energy. This energy must be given to the system in order to break the anion-cation bonds. The energy required to break these bonds for one mole of an ionic solid under standard conditions is the lattice energy.
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