Ilex brachyphylla is a type of Holly - a species of plant in the Aquifoliaceae family. It is endemic to China where it grows as a shrub or small tree from 4m to 15m in height. It has leathery glossy green leaves which have serrated edges and a sharp point. Although male flowers have been described, the Flora of China records that female flowers have not been observed and neither has the fruit. It is rare and an endangered species found only on mountain slopes in south-west Hunan province.