磷酸（英语：phosphoric acid）或称为正磷酸（orthophosphoric acid），化学式H₃PO₄，是一种常见的无机酸，不易挥发，不易分解，几乎没有氧化性。具有酸的通性，是三元中强酸，其酸性比盐酸、硫酸、硝酸弱，但比醋酸、硼酸等强。由五氧化二磷溶于热水中即可得到。正磷酸工业上用硫酸处理磷灰石即得。用硝酸使磷氧化，可以得到较纯的磷酸；一般是83%－98%的稠厚溶液，如果再浓缩，可以得到无色晶体。磷酸在空气中容易潮解；加热会逐渐失水得到焦磷酸，进一步失水得到偏磷酸。磷酸容易自行结合成多种化合物如焦磷酸（pyrophosphoric acid）或三聚磷酸（triphosphoric acid）等。

Phosphoric acid (also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a mineral (inorganic) acid having the chemical formula H₃PO₄. Orthophosphoric acid refers to phosphoric acid, which is the IUPAC name for this compound. The prefix ortho is used to distinguish the acid from related phosphoric acids, called polyphosphoric acids. Orthophosphoric acid is a non-toxic acid, which, when pure, is a solid at room temperature and pressure. The conjugate base of phosphoric acid is the dihydrogen phosphate ion, H
2PO−
4, which in turn has a conjugate base of hydrogen phosphate, HPO2−
4, which has a conjugate base of phosphate, PO3−
4. Phosphates are nutritious for all forms of life.