大高加索山脉是高加索山脉中两个主要山脉之一，与另一主要山脉小高加索山脉在苏拉姆山脉相连后平行伸延，两者平均相距100公里。大高加索山脉从黑海海岸的塔曼半岛一直向东南方伸延至邻近里海的阿塞拜疆首都巴库，全长约1,200公里，是亚美尼亚高原的北部和东北部边缘，也成为俄罗斯、格鲁吉亚和阿塞拜疆的边界，最高峰是海拔高度5,642米的厄尔布鲁士峰。大高加索山脉被分为三部份，这包括

Greater Caucasus (Azerbaijani:Böyük Qafqaz; Georgian:დიდი კავკასიონი; Russian:Большой Кавказ, sometimes translated as "Caucasus Major", "Big Caucasus" or "Large Caucasus") is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains.

The range stretches for about 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from west-northwest to east-southeast, between the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea: from the Western Caucasus in the vicinity of Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.