油棕属（学名：Elaeis）是棕榈科的一属。

本属已知有两种：一种是原产于西非的油棕（E. guineensis，又称非洲油棕），分布于安哥拉至冈比亚的西非地区，被引入至马来西亚和印度尼西亚，属于产油经济作物；另一种是中美洲和南美洲北部的美洲油棕（E. oleifera，又称黑果棕）。

Elaeis (fromGreek, meaning "oil") is a genus of palms containing two species, called oil palms. They are used in commercial agriculture in the production of palm oil. The African oil palm Elaeis guineensis (the species name guineensis referring to its country of origin) is the principal source of palm oil, it is native to west and southwest Africa, occurring between Angola and Gambia. The American oil palm Elaeis oleifera (fromLatin oleifer, meaning "oil-producing") is native to tropical Central and South America, and is used locally for oil production.