酪农业（英语：Dairy farming）是一种畜牧业的型态，是农民种植牧草等作物作为饲料，饲养乳牛、羊等，以供应鲜乳或乳制品的畜牧方式。

目前全球牛奶生产量以印度最多，美国、中国次之，主要是以当地市场为主。最大的外销国为新西兰。

A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffaloes, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption. A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or in a section of a multi-purpose farm (mixed farm) that is concerned with the harvesting of milk.