约翰·柯川（John Coltrane，1926年9月23日—1967年7月17日）是美国爵士萨克斯风表演者和作曲家。柯川在早期生涯上积极开展咆勃爵士乐和硬咆勃的音乐风格，他开创性地运用调式并成为自由爵士乐的先锋。他以领团人的身分组织了至少50次录音，并参与其他乐手的专辑录音（包括迈尔士·戴维斯与塞隆尼斯·孟克）。

在他的个人经历及音乐历程中，柯川逐渐拓展了灵性的象限。他的第二任妻子Alice Coltrane是钢琴家和他们的儿子拉维·柯川也同样是个萨克斯风乐手。柯川影响了无数的音乐人，在爵士历史中他一直都是最具影响力的乐手之一。他在死后接受过许多奖项及褒扬，包括被非洲东正教教会封为圣人Saint John William Coltrane。在2007年柯川被授与普立兹奖特别奖。

John William Coltrane, also known as "Trane" (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967), was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. Working in the bebop and hard bop idioms early in his career, Coltrane helped pioneer the use of modes in jazz and was later at the forefront of free jazz. He led at least fifty recording sessions during his career, and appeared as a sideman on many albums by other musicians, including trumpeter Miles Davis and pianist Thelonious Monk.