Clinohumite

Clinohumite is an uncommon member of the humite group, a magnesium silicate according to the chemical formula (Mg,Fe)₉(SiO₄)₄(F,OH)₂. The formula can be thought of as four olivine (Mg₂SiO₄), plus one brucite (Mg(OH)₂). Indeed, the mineral is essentially a hydrated olivine and occurs in altered ultramafic rocks and carbonatites. Most commonly found as tiny indistinct grains, large euhedral clinohumite crystals are sought by collectors and occasionally fashioned into bright, yellow-orange gemstones. Only two sources of gem-quality material are known: the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan, and the Taymyr region of northern Siberia. It is one of two humite group minerals that have been cut into gems, the other being the much more common chondrodite.