色蛋白（英语：Chromoprotein）是一类结合蛋白质，其中的非蛋白成分为共价或非共价结合的生色基团（如血红素）。

• 血红蛋白

A chromoprotein is a conjugated protein that contains a pigmented prosthetic group (or cofactor). A common example is hemoglobin, which contains a heme cofactor, which is the iron-containing molecule that makes oxygenated blood appear red. Other examples of chromoproteins include other hemochromes, cytochromes, phytochromes and flavoproteins.