北极蛤（学名：Arctica islandica），又译冰岛鸟蛤，为北极蛤科北极蛤属下的一个种。本物种旧属鸟蛤属，今属北极蛤属。

2013年11月，科学家认定一只名为“明”的北极蛤寿命为507年，是目前已知最长寿的动物。

The ocean quahog (Arctica islandica) is a species of edible clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Arcticidae. This species is native to the North Atlantic Ocean, and it is harvested commercially as a food source. This species is also known by a number of different common names, including Icelandic cyprine, mahogany clam, mahogany quahog, black quahog, and black clam.