原型是首创的模型，代表同一类型的人物、对象、或观念。原型在文学与心理学中很重要。原型往往被以后的作者一再的重复模仿与重塑。

荣格分析心理学中有四大原型：

其他分析心理学原型：

荣格分析心理学衍生出原型心理学（Archetypal Psychology）。 荣格心理学对于大多心理问题的形成一般归结为某一“原型”没有得到良好发展而受到阻碍，由此精神系统作出自我调整而表现为神经症或别的问题。荣格心理学治疗目标因此是使受挫折的原型获得应有的发展。

The concept of an archetype /ˈɑːrkɪtaɪp/ is found in areas relating to behavior, modern psychological theory, and literary analysis. An archetype can be:

In various seemingly unrelated cases in classic storytelling, media etc. characters or ideas sharing similar traits can be found. In the first sense, many more informal terms are frequently used instead, such as "standard example" or "basic example", and the longer form "archetypal example" is also found. In mathematics, an archetype is often called a "canonical example".