《知识考古学》（L'Archéologie du Savoir）是米歇尔·福柯于1969年出版的著作。

该书对《词与物》所受到的评论做出了回应。该书涉及英美的分析哲学，尤其是speech act理论（言语行为理论）。在该书中，福柯对话语的基本单元“陈述”进行了分析。该书是福柯的重要著作，在哲学上有很高的理论价值。

The Archaeology of Knowledge (French:L'archéologie du savoir) is a 1969 methodological and historiographical treatise by the French philosopher Michel Foucault, in which he promotes "archaeology" or the "archaeological method", an analytical method he implicitly used in his previous works Madness and Civilization (1961), The Birth of the Clinic (1963), and The Order of Things (1966). It is Foucault's only explicitly methodological work.