委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒 （英文：Venezuelan equine encephalitis，简称：VEE）是一种感染马类的病毒，通常分布于南美洲。最早在1936年于委内瑞拉发现，并因此被命名为委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒。在1995年，有300,000人感染此病毒，当中百分之四有神经受伤倾向。1969年，此病毒经由中美洲，于1971年感染美国德州的马匹。1993年有大量的墨西哥马匹因受到感染而被隔离。此病毒大多是经由蚊子传染人类的。感染源头有蝙蝠、鸟类、鼠类、和热带小型哺乳动物，亦可经由空气而由人和人之间传染。

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne viral pathogen that causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis or encephalomyelitis (VEE). VEE can affect all equine species, such as horses, donkeys, and zebras. After infection, equines may suddenly die or show progressive central nervous system disorders. Humans also can contract this disease. Healthy adults who become infected by the virus may experience flu-like symptoms, such as high fevers and headaches. People with weakened immune systems and the young and the elderly can become severely ill or die from this disease.