Turners
（重定向自Turnverein）
![Gymnastics room in Turner Hall, Milwaukee, ca. 1900](/Images/godic/202502/18/Milwaukee_Bundesturnhalle4250.jpg")
![3,000 Turners performed at the Federal Gymnastics Festival in Milwaukee, 1893.](/Images/godic/202502/18/Bundesturnfest_Milwaukee_18934250.jpg")
![Group portrait of the St. Louis, Missouri Turnverein in 1860.](/Images/godic/202502/18/St-louis-german-turner-shooting-club-medium4251.jpg")
![Postage stamp commemorating the hundredth anniversary of the American Turners](/Images/godic/202502/18/American_Turners_stamp,_Scott_9794251.jpg")
Turners (German:Turner), are members of German-American gymnastic clubs.
A German gymnastic movement was started by Turnvater ("father of gymnastics") Friedrich Ludwig Jahn in the early 19th century when Germany was occupied by Napoleon. The Turnvereine ("gymnastic unions") were not only athletic, but also political, reflecting their origin in similar "nationalistic gymnastic" organizations in Europe. The Turner movement in Germany was generally liberal in nature, and many Turners took part in the Revolution of 1848.