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词汇 TTAGGG
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

TTAGGG

中文百科

端粒 Telomere

(重定向自TTAGGG)
人类染色体上的端粒
端粒的位置。
人类端粒DNA的四连体结构。图片来源:NDB UD0017。

端粒英语:Telomere)是染色体末端的DNA重复串行,作用是保持染色体的完整性和控制细胞分裂周期。细胞分裂一次,由于DNA复制时的方向必须从5'方向到3'方向,DNA每次复制端粒就缩短一点(参见冈崎片段)。一旦端粒消耗殆尽,细胞将会立即激活凋亡机制,即细胞走向凋亡。因此,端粒和细胞老化有明显的关系。一直以来都知道精、卵细胞的端粒比成年体细胞的都长许多,但却会随着分裂次数增加而缩短。

英语百科

Telomere 端粒

(重定向自TTAGGG)
Human chromosomes (grey) capped by telomeres (white)
Telomere
Three-dimensional representation of the molecular structure of a telomere (G-quadruplex)
Structure of parallel quadruplexes that can be formed by human telomeric DNA. Image created from NDB UD0017.

A telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes. Its name is derived from the Greek nouns telos (τέλος) 'end' and merοs (μέρος, root: μερ-) 'part.' For vertebrates, the sequence of nucleotides in telomeres is TTAGGG. This sequence of TTAGGG is repeated approximately 2,500 times in humans.

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