南喀尔巴阡山脉（罗马尼亚语：Carpaţii Meridionali，英语：Southern Carpathians），又称特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山脉（英语：Transylvanian Alps）是东西横贯罗马尼亚的一条山脉。最高峰是摩尔多韦亚努峰，海拔高度2,544米。其他主要高峰有大帕伦格峰（海拔2518米）、佩莱亚加峰（海拔2509米）。南喀尔巴阡山脉是特兰西瓦尼亚地区与瓦拉几亚地区的天然边界。也曾经是匈牙利王国同奥斯曼土耳其帝国、罗马尼亚王国之间的边界。

The Southern Carpathians (Romanian:Carpații Meridionali, Serbian:Јужни Карпати/Južni Karpati, Hungarian:Déli-Kárpátok) are a group of mountain ranges that divide central and southern Romania, on one side, and Serbia, on the other. They cover the part of the Carpathian Mountains located between the Prahova River in the east and the Timiș and Cerna Rivers in the west. To the south they are bounded by the Balkan mountain range.