剑虻科（学名：Therevidae）是双翅目食虫虻总科下的一个科，总计包括1,600个物种，其中大部分生活在沙质土壤的干旱或半干旱区域。其幼虫在土壤中捕食昆虫的幼虫。

该科苍蝇通常多毛或具有毛茸茸的外观，与食虫虻类似，两者有密切关系。但是，它们没有凹陷的脸和凸出的眼睛。它们腿很长，雌性产卵器官周围有一圈硬毛。

The Therevidae are a family of flies of the superfamily Asiloidea commonly known as stiletto flies. The family contains about 1,600 described species worldwide, most diverse in arid and semiarid regions with sandy soils. The larvae are predators of insect larvae in soil.