Theophrastaceae was a small family of flowering plants, no longer recognized in recent classifications. As previously circumscribed, the family consisted of seven genera and 95 species of trees or shrubs, native to tropical regions of the Americas.

The APG II system placed this family in the order Ericales, a basal group in the asterids. APG II also included the additional genus Samolus, with about 15 additional species, vastly increasing the area of distribution. The 2009 APG III system includes the family within an enlarged Primulaceae (sensu lato).