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词汇 Submarine ridge
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Submarine ridge

英语百科

Mid-ocean ridge

Mid-oceanic ridge, including a black smoker
A close-up showing a mid-ocean ridge topography with magma rising from a chamber below, forming new ocean plate which spreads away from ridge
Oceanic crust is formed at an oceanic ridge, while the lithosphere is subducted back into the asthenosphere at trenches.
World Distribution of Mid-Oceanic Ridges; USGS

A mid-ocean ridge is an underwater mountain system formed by plate tectonics. It consists of various mountains linked in chains, typically having a valley known as a rift running along its spine. This type of oceanic mountain ridge is characteristic of what is known as an oceanic spreading center, which is responsible for seafloor spreading. The production of new seafloor results from mantle upwelling in response to plate spreading; this isentropic upwelling solid mantle material eventually exceeds the solidus and melts. The buoyant melt rises as magma at a linear weakness in the oceanic crust, and emerges as lava, creating new crust upon cooling. A mid-ocean ridge demarcates the boundary between two tectonic plates, and consequently is termed a divergent plate boundary.

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