粪小杆线虫(Strongyloides stercoralis)是一种在人类身上的线虫(寄生虫)，会导致粪杆线虫感染症。通用名为 threadworm。

粪小杆线虫可以寄宿在人身上。成虫阶段时活在小肠的黏膜上。 Strongyloides 包含53个种，而 S.stercoralis是其模式种。

Strongyloides stercoralis is a human pathogenic parasitic roundworm causing the disease strongyloidiasis. Its common name is threadworm. In the UK and Australia, however, the term threadworm can also refer to nematodes of the genus Enterobius, otherwise known as pinworms.